On June 4, World Infertility Day was celebrated, a date on which infertility is highlighted every year; a disease that is related to the difficulty in achieving or maintaining a pregnancy. Repeated miscarriages or recurrent miscarriages are largely the determining factors for many cases of infertility since it is the spontaneous interruption of pregnancy, which is a risk if it has happened on more than one occasion. Moreover, this repeated interruption of pregnancy, in addition to increasing the likelihood of recurrence, is a clear sign that there is a problem that needs to be studied, whether it is due to a male or female factor.
WHY DO REPEAT ABORTIONS OCCUR?
Repeat miscarriage according to the SEF (Spanish Fertility Society) is defined as the loss of two or more consecutive gestations before the 20th week of gestation, with fetal weight ≤ 500g.
As is well known, that the passing of the years in women alters the quantity and quality of the eggs, thus increasing the risk of genetic anomalies after the age of 35. In the case of men, if they are over 45 or 50 years of age, the quality of their seminal sample can also be a determining factor. From this age, sperm DNA fragmentation is more common and there are more cases of repeated miscarriages due to this anomaly.
To detect chromosomal problems in either or both members of the couple, a karyotype analysis is performed before starting treatment. A test where the size, shape, and number of the chromosomes are studied, an analysis that will determine the type of genetic alteration.
Apart from age, diseases such as arterial hypertension, diabetes, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), obesity, etc. can be risk factors that can cause these miscarriages. Likewise, there are more and more cases of patients with immunological problems that cause the body to reject the embryo at the moment of implantation. Endocrine factors are also becoming more and more common, with patients presenting blood tests with altered levels of thyroid hormones or glucose.
Thrombophilias favor the formation of thrombi when the placenta is being formed, which directly affects the amount of blood that the embryo receives. Within the group of thrombophilias, we find the antiphospholipid syndrome; an important cause of repeated miscarriage and intrauterine growth retardation.
EMOTIONAL MANAGEMENT IN ASSISTED REPRODUCTION
In addition to all these causes, the emotional management (stress, frustration, sadness…) of patients is also a key factor in achieving an evolutionary pregnancy that ends with the birth of a healthy baby. In Ovoclinic, we study each case in a personalized way, providing patients with a specialized team of professionals to analyze each case in depth and offer a related diagnosis.
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